✂️ Apple

January 1, 2008 · 7 min · 1312 words | source

Small information nuggets and recipies about Apple OS’s

Table of Contents

(most recent on top)

  1. Run shortcut Get URL of Note

  2. Enter node Note and check the LNEntity Supported Type to get the UUID, e.g.:

    <LNEntity: 0x123456789, identifier: NoteEntity/applenotes:note/12345678-abcd-bcde-cdef-123456789012, ...

    ➔12345678-abcd-bcde-cdef-123456789012

  3. Convert the UUID to ALL CAPS (for example, using Convert Case or the Pages app):

    ➔12345678-ABCD-BCDE-CDEF-123456789012

  4. Append it to the url sheme to open Notes:

    ➔applenotes://showNote?identifier=12345678-ABCD-BCDE-CDEF-123456789012

Note: Sometimes you might get the following error:

An error occurred while running Get URL of Note
Couldn’t communicate with a helper application.

I haven’t found any way around it other than trying again some other time 🤷‍♂️ — restarts haven’t helped at all.

Enable Touch ID for sudo

cd /etc/pam.d/ && sudo chmod a+w sudo && vi sudo && sudo chmod a-w sudo && cd -

# sudo: auth account password session
auth       sufficient     pam_tid.so        # <= add this line here
auth       sufficient     pam_smartcard.so
auth       required       pam_opendirectory.so
account    required       pam_permit.so
password   required       pam_deny.so
session    required       pam_permit.so

Remove quarantine

… “‘command’ cannot be opened because the developer cannot be verified.”

xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /usr/local/bin/cmd

File extended attributes

… list attributes

ls -l -@ file
xattr file

… show values

xattr -l file
xattr -p attribute file

Add to sudoers without needing a restart

su - admin

… add

sudo dseditgroup -o edit -a hugo -t user admin
sudo dseditgroup -o edit -a hugo -t user wheel

… delete

sudo dseditgroup -o edit -d hugo -t user admin
sudo dseditgroup -o edit -d hugo -t user wheel

Create encrypted zip file

… install

brew install p7zip

… create

7za a -tzip -mem=AES256 -p secrets-encrypted.zip secrets/
7za x secrets-encrypted.zip

View and change file flags

… invisible = hidden; visible = nohidden

$ touch seeme hideme

$ chflags hidden hideme
$ chflags nohidden seeme

$ ls -lO *me  # -O is an “oh” not a “zero”
-rw-r--r--  1 hugo  staff  hidden 0 Mar 12 11:28 hideme
-rw-r--r--  1 hugo  staff  -      0 Mar 12 11:28 seeme

Reset unlocking MacBook by Apple Watch

  • In Messages
    • Preferences ➤ Accounts
    • Sign Out
    • Sign In
  • In System Preferences
    • Security & Privacy
    • Check “Allow your Apple Watch to unlock you Mac”

Why does it keep waking from sleep?

… definition of log terms

  • OHC (Open Host Controller) is usually USB or Firewire. OHC1 or OHC2 is almost certainly an external USB keyboard or mouse
  • EHC (Enhanced Host Controller) is another USB interface, but can also be wireless devices and bluetooth
  • USB when a USB device woke the machine up
  • LID0 when you open the lid the machine wakes up from sleep
  • PWRB (Power Button) which is the physical power button on your Mac
  • RTC (Real Time Clock Alarm) is generally from wake-on-demand services
    • Schedule sleep and wake via the Energy Saver control panel
    • launchd setting
    • User applications
    • Backups
    • Other scheduled events
log show --last 1d --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Wake reason"'
log show --last 1d | grep -C15 -i "wake reason"

Delete old Time Machine backups

tmutil listbackups
sudo tmutil delete /Volumes/[Disk]/Backups.backupdb/[Name]/2000-00-00-000000
sudo tmutil delete /Volumes/[Disk]/Backups.backupdb/[Name]/2000-*

Use Keychain for unlocking SSH private key

Host *
   AddKeysToAgent yes
   UseKeychain yes
   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Spoof MAC address

openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//'  # make
sudo ifconfig en0 ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx  # set
ifconfig en0 |grep ether  # check

Consult timestamps on Safari history

$ sqlite3 ~/Library/Safari/History.db
sqlite> .headers on

select datetime(v.visit_time + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime') as date, v.visit_time + 978307200 as epoch, v.visit_time, i.domain_expansion, i.url
from history_items i left join history_visits v on i.id = v.history_item
order by i.id desc
limit 100;

Quick one-liner to paste into the Terminal:

sqlite3 ~/Library/Safari/History.db "select datetime(v.visit_time + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime') as date, v.title, i.url from history_items i left join history_visits v on i.id = v.history_item order by v.visit_time desc;" | less

Homebrew: Remove formula and its dependencies, if not in use

… installing command

brew tap beeftornado/rmtree && brew install brew-rmtree

… removing a formula

brew rmtree --dry-run formula

Homebrew: Show installed formulae and dependencies

… top-level only

brew leaves

… all dependencies

brew deps --installed [--tree]

… what uses a dependency

brew uses --installed --recursive formula

Homebrew quick guide

… installed things

brew list

… bumping version

brew update                       # Homebrew itself
brew outdated                     # Formulas
brew upgrade [$FORMULA]           # Formulas

… clearing things

brew list --versions --multiple
brew cleanup -n                   # dry run
brew cleanup [$FORMULA]

Homebrew: Using Caskroom sources

brew tap caskroom/cask
brew cask info Caskroom/cask/rowanj-gitx

Test and debug LaunchAgents and LaunchDaemons

sudo launchctl log level debug
tail -f /var/log/system.log
sudo launchctl log level error

launchctl list [cc.ferreira.backlog.daily]
launchctl start cc.ferreira.backlog.daily

launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/cc.ferreira.backlog.daily.plist 
launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/cc.ferreira.backlog.daily.plist

Resolve host from IP

  • with zeroconf / Multicast DNS / mDNS
dig +short -x 192.168.1.65 -p 5353 @224.0.0.251

Disable/revoke disk decryption from a user

$ sudo su - testing  
$ passwd 
Changing password for charlie.
Old Password:                     # [enter old password here]
New Password:                     # [press enter]
Retype New Password:              # [press enter]
  • System Preferences ➤ Security & Privacy ➤ FileVault
    • Enable Users …
    • Set Password …

Create user manually without disk encryption rights

  • for FileVault 2
sudo dscl /Local/Default -create /Users/testing
sudo dscl /Local/Default -create /Users/testing UserShell /bin/bash
sudo dscl /Local/Default -create /Users/testing RealName "Testing"
sudo dscl /Local/Default -create /Users/testing UniqueID 503
sudo dscl /Local/Default -create /Users/testing PrimaryGroupID 1000
sudo dscl /Local/Default -create /Users/testing NFSHomeDirectory /Users/testing
sudo passwd testing

Check user definitions

sudo dscl /Local/Default -read /Users/testing

Where the modem passwords are stored

cat /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/preferences.plist

Where the dhcp leases are stored

cat /var/db/dhcpd_leases

Flush DNS cache

sudo dscacheutil -flushcache

Force Spotlight to re-index

sudo mdutil -E /

Remove duplicates in the “Open With” menu

cd /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/\Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Support/
lsregister -kill -r -domain local -domain system -domain user

View resource forks

# DEPRECATED: ls -l path/to/file/rsrc

MySQL server

… MacPorts

su - admin -c "sudo mysql.server start | stop | …"

… Homebrew

su - admin; mysql.server start | stop | …

iPhoto speedup

cd Pictures/iPhoto\ Library/
for db in *.db; do
    sqlite3 $db "vacuum;"
done

Stop nmbd

sudo launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/nmbd.plist

Quit application

osascript -e 'tell app "iCal" to quit'

“Old” style sleep mode

pmset -g | grep hibernatemode
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 0

Eject cd

drutil tray eject

Text styles and substitutions

open ~/Library/Preferences/.GlobalPreferences.plist
# See `NSFavoriteStyles`
# See `NSUserReplacementItems`

Open man pages in PDF

man -t opensnoop | open -f -a /Applications/Preview.app

Start/Stop local FTP Server

sudo -s launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ftp.plist

sudo -s launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ftp.plist